Evaluation of technical and economic performance of different technologies in broiler houses in Brazil.
poultry, climatized, conventional, ventilation, productivity.
The Brazilian poultry industry stands out for its competitiveness and increasing incorporation of high technological levels and greater investment from its farms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the zootechnical and economic results of two climatization technologies , the conventional (positive ventilation) and the climatized (negative ventilation), determining which one is more sustainable for the production of broilers. Exploratoy and multiple regression analyses were performed on a database, of 20,443 flocks of broilers, produced by one agroindustry in eight different regions of Brazil during 2020 and 2021. For the evaluation of zootechnical performance, the response variables considered were: feed conversion, daily weight gained, mortality on the property, total and partial condemnation of carcasses. For the economic evaluation, costs of annual production were estimated for each technology that have the greatest impact were calculated, such as: food, workforce, electricity, depreciation of invested capital and maintenance of facilities and equipments. The effect of the type of technology was significant on the zootechnical variables evaluated, and the adjusted averages always favored the climate-controlled farm. The cost of items considered per ton of product delivered, less losses from total and partial condemnations, also indicated an economic advantage of modern houses. In conclusion, we have a trend towards greater sustainability for production on negative ventilation farms, however, there were opportunities in technical indicators, such as feed conversion and condemnations, since many conventional farms also presented competitive results.